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	<id>https://www.ellipticcurve.info/Hasse%E2%80%99s_theorem/history?feed=atom</id>
	<title>Hasse’s theorem - Revision history</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://www.ellipticcurve.info/Hasse%E2%80%99s_theorem/history?feed=atom"/>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.ellipticcurve.info/Hasse%E2%80%99s_theorem/history"/>
	<updated>2026-05-06T05:43:21Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
	<generator>MediaWiki 1.42.3</generator>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.ellipticcurve.info/index.php?title=Hasse%E2%80%99s_theorem&amp;diff=464&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Rational Point: Go full Nazi, eliminate all use of math extension</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.ellipticcurve.info/index.php?title=Hasse%E2%80%99s_theorem&amp;diff=464&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2025-02-12T00:01:33Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Go full Nazi, eliminate all use of math extension&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 00:01, 12 February 2025&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l3&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The number of points on an elliptic curve over a [[finite field]] GF(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;q&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) is within the range&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The number of points on an elliptic curve over a [[finite field]] GF(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;q&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) is within the range&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;:&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;q+1&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\pm2\sqrt &lt;/del&gt;q&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;:&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039;&lt;/ins&gt;q&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039; &lt;/ins&gt;+ 1 &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;amp;pm; 2√&#039;&#039;&lt;/ins&gt;q&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039;&lt;/ins&gt;,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;that is to say, of all &amp;#039;&amp;#039;q&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; points (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;,&amp;#039;&amp;#039;y&amp;#039;&amp;#039;)&amp;amp;nbsp;∈&amp;amp;nbsp;GF(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;q&amp;#039;&amp;#039;)&amp;amp;nbsp;⨉&amp;amp;nbsp;GF(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;q&amp;#039;&amp;#039;), the number of them that satisfy any given elliptic curve equation &amp;#039;&amp;#039;y&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;=&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;+&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;ax&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;amp;nbsp;+&amp;amp;nbsp;b always falls in this range.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;that is to say, of all &amp;#039;&amp;#039;q&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; points (&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;,&amp;#039;&amp;#039;y&amp;#039;&amp;#039;)&amp;amp;nbsp;∈&amp;amp;nbsp;GF(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;q&amp;#039;&amp;#039;)&amp;amp;nbsp;⨉&amp;amp;nbsp;GF(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;q&amp;#039;&amp;#039;), the number of them that satisfy any given elliptic curve equation &amp;#039;&amp;#039;y&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;=&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;x&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;+&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;ax&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;amp;nbsp;+&amp;amp;nbsp;b always falls in this range.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l9&quot;&gt;Line 9:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 9:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;For “hyperelliptic” curves or other Abelian varieties of genus &amp;#039;&amp;#039;g&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;1, Hasse’s theorem is still applicable when the permissible range is broadened by a factor of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;g&amp;#039;&amp;#039;:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;For “hyperelliptic” curves or other Abelian varieties of genus &amp;#039;&amp;#039;g&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;1, Hasse’s theorem is still applicable when the permissible range is broadened by a factor of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;g&amp;#039;&amp;#039;:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;:&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;q+1&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;\pm2g\sqrt &lt;/del&gt;q&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;:&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039;&lt;/ins&gt;q&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039; &lt;/ins&gt;+ 1 &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;amp;pm; 2&#039;&#039;g&#039;&#039;√&#039;&#039;&lt;/ins&gt;q&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039;&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;This result was proved by André Weil, and is known as the &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Hasse–Weil theorem&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;André Weil “Numbers of solutions of equations in finite fields.” &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Bull. Amer. Math. Soc.&amp;#039;&amp;#039; 55 (1949), 497-508 https://www.ams.org/journals/bull/1949-55-05/S0002-9904-1949-09219-4/home.html [https://www.ams.org/journals/bull/1949-55-05/S0002-9904-1949-09219-4/S0002-9904-1949-09219-4.pdf PDF]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Mirjam Soeten. “Hasse&amp;#039;s Theorem on Elliptic Curves with an extension to hyperelliptic curves of genus 2.” Master Thesis Mathematics, University of Groningen, June 24, 2013. https://fse.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/10999/1/opzet.pdf&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;This result was proved by André Weil, and is known as the &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Hasse–Weil theorem&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;André Weil “Numbers of solutions of equations in finite fields.” &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Bull. Amer. Math. Soc.&amp;#039;&amp;#039; 55 (1949), 497-508 https://www.ams.org/journals/bull/1949-55-05/S0002-9904-1949-09219-4/home.html [https://www.ams.org/journals/bull/1949-55-05/S0002-9904-1949-09219-4/S0002-9904-1949-09219-4.pdf PDF]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Mirjam Soeten. “Hasse&amp;#039;s Theorem on Elliptic Curves with an extension to hyperelliptic curves of genus 2.” Master Thesis Mathematics, University of Groningen, June 24, 2013. https://fse.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/10999/1/opzet.pdf&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rational Point</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.ellipticcurve.info/index.php?title=Hasse%E2%80%99s_theorem&amp;diff=463&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Rational Point: make it more clear</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.ellipticcurve.info/index.php?title=Hasse%E2%80%99s_theorem&amp;diff=463&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2025-02-11T23:55:45Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;make it more clear&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 23:55, 11 February 2025&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l5&quot;&gt;Line 5:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 5:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;:&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;q+1\pm2\sqrt q&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;:&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;q+1\pm2\sqrt q&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;,&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;that is to say, of all &#039;&#039;q&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; points &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;in &lt;/del&gt;GF(&#039;&#039;q&#039;&#039;)&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;⨉GF&lt;/del&gt;(&#039;&#039;q&#039;&#039;), the number of them that satisfy any given elliptic curve equation always falls in this range.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;that is to say, of all &#039;&#039;q&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; points &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;(&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;,&#039;&#039;y&#039;&#039;)&amp;amp;nbsp;∈&amp;amp;nbsp;&lt;/ins&gt;GF(&#039;&#039;q&#039;&#039;)&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;⨉&amp;amp;nbsp;GF&lt;/ins&gt;(&#039;&#039;q&#039;&#039;), the number of them that satisfy any given elliptic curve equation &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039;y&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;=&amp;amp;nbsp;&#039;&#039;x&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;+&amp;amp;nbsp;&#039;&#039;ax&#039;&#039;&amp;amp;nbsp;+&amp;amp;nbsp;b &lt;/ins&gt;always falls in this range.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;For “hyperelliptic” curves or other Abelian varieties of genus &amp;#039;&amp;#039;g&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;1, Hasse’s theorem is still applicable when the permissible range is broadened by a factor of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;g&amp;#039;&amp;#039;:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;For “hyperelliptic” curves or other Abelian varieties of genus &amp;#039;&amp;#039;g&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;amp;nbsp;&amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;1, Hasse’s theorem is still applicable when the permissible range is broadened by a factor of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;g&amp;#039;&amp;#039;:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rational Point</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.ellipticcurve.info/index.php?title=Hasse%E2%80%99s_theorem&amp;diff=462&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Rational Point at 22:59, 11 February 2025</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.ellipticcurve.info/index.php?title=Hasse%E2%80%99s_theorem&amp;diff=462&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2025-02-11T22:59:03Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 22:59, 11 February 2025&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l7&quot;&gt;Line 7:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 7:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;that is to say, of all &amp;#039;&amp;#039;q&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; points in GF(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;q&amp;#039;&amp;#039;)⨉GF(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;q&amp;#039;&amp;#039;), the number of them that satisfy any given elliptic curve equation always falls in this range.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;that is to say, of all &amp;#039;&amp;#039;q&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; points in GF(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;q&amp;#039;&amp;#039;)⨉GF(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;q&amp;#039;&amp;#039;), the number of them that satisfy any given elliptic curve equation always falls in this range.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;For “hyperelliptic” curves or other Abelian varieties of genus &#039;&#039;g&#039;&#039;&amp;amp;gt;1, Hasse’s theorem is still applicable when the permissible range is broadened by a factor of &#039;&#039;g&#039;&#039;:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;For “hyperelliptic” curves or other Abelian varieties of genus &#039;&#039;g&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;amp;nbsp;&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;amp;gt&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;;&amp;amp;nbsp&lt;/ins&gt;;1, Hasse’s theorem is still applicable when the permissible range is broadened by a factor of &#039;&#039;g&#039;&#039;:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;:&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;q+1\pm2g\sqrt q&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;:&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;q+1\pm2g\sqrt q&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;This result was proved by André Weil, and is known as the &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Hasse–Weil theorem&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;André Weil “Numbers of solutions of equations in finite fields.” &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Bull. Amer. Math. Soc.&amp;#039;&amp;#039; 55 (1949), 497-508 https://www.ams.org/journals/bull/1949-55-05/S0002-9904-1949-09219-4/home.html [https://www.ams.org/journals/bull/1949-55-05/S0002-9904-1949-09219-4/S0002-9904-1949-09219-4.pdf PDF]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Mirjam Soeten. “Hasse&amp;#039;s Theorem on Elliptic Curves with an extension to hyperelliptic curves of genus 2.” Master Thesis Mathematics, University of Groningen, June 24, 2013. https://fse.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/10999/1/opzet.pdf&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;This result was proved by André Weil, and is known as the &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Hasse–Weil theorem&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;André Weil “Numbers of solutions of equations in finite fields.” &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Bull. Amer. Math. Soc.&amp;#039;&amp;#039; 55 (1949), 497-508 https://www.ams.org/journals/bull/1949-55-05/S0002-9904-1949-09219-4/home.html [https://www.ams.org/journals/bull/1949-55-05/S0002-9904-1949-09219-4/S0002-9904-1949-09219-4.pdf PDF]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Mirjam Soeten. “Hasse&amp;#039;s Theorem on Elliptic Curves with an extension to hyperelliptic curves of genus 2.” Master Thesis Mathematics, University of Groningen, June 24, 2013. https://fse.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/10999/1/opzet.pdf&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rational Point</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.ellipticcurve.info/index.php?title=Hasse%E2%80%99s_theorem&amp;diff=282&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Rational Point: Nazi</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.ellipticcurve.info/index.php?title=Hasse%E2%80%99s_theorem&amp;diff=282&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2025-01-11T15:03:06Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Nazi&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 15:03, 11 January 2025&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Helmut Hasse’s theorem&#039;&#039;&#039; is in German &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Helmut Hasse. „Zur Theorie der abstrakten elliptischen Funktionenkörper I, II, III.“ &#039;&#039;Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik,&#039;&#039; Band 175, 1936. https://www.digizeitschriften.de/id/243919689_0175 https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/id/PPN243919689_0175&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Helmut Hasse’s theorem&#039;&#039;&#039; is in German &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Helmut Hasse. „Zur Theorie der abstrakten elliptischen Funktionenkörper I, II, III.“ &#039;&#039;Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik,&#039;&#039; Band 175, 1936. https://www.digizeitschriften.de/id/243919689_0175 https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/id/PPN243919689_0175&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. Hasse joined the Nazi Party (NSDAP) the year after it was published, and served as a concentration camp guard during WWII &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;„Hasse, Helmut“, in: Hessische Biografie https://www.lagis-hessen.de/pnd/118708961 (Stand: 14.2.2024)&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The number of points on an elliptic curve over a [[finite field]] GF(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;q&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) is within the range&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The number of points on an elliptic curve over a [[finite field]] GF(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;q&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) is within the range&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rational Point</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.ellipticcurve.info/index.php?title=Hasse%E2%80%99s_theorem&amp;diff=271&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Rational Point: ref</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.ellipticcurve.info/index.php?title=Hasse%E2%80%99s_theorem&amp;diff=271&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2025-01-10T19:45:32Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;ref&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 19:45, 10 January 2025&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l11&quot;&gt;Line 11:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 11:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;:&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;q+1\pm2g\sqrt q&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;:&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;q+1\pm2g\sqrt q&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;This result was proved by André Weil, and is known as the &#039;&#039;&#039;Hasse–Weil theorem&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Mirjam Soeten. “Hasse&#039;s Theorem on Elliptic Curves with an extension to hyperelliptic curves of genus 2.” Master Thesis Mathematics, University of Groningen, June 24, 2013. https://fse.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/10999/1/opzet.pdf&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;This result was proved by André Weil, and is known as the &#039;&#039;&#039;Hasse–Weil theorem&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;André Weil “Numbers of solutions of equations in finite fields.” &#039;&#039;Bull. Amer. Math. Soc.&#039;&#039; 55 (1949), 497-508 https://www.ams.org/journals/bull/1949-55-05/S0002-9904-1949-09219-4/home.html [https://www.ams.org/journals/bull/1949-55-05/S0002-9904-1949-09219-4/S0002-9904-1949-09219-4.pdf PDF]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Mirjam Soeten. “Hasse&#039;s Theorem on Elliptic Curves with an extension to hyperelliptic curves of genus 2.” Master Thesis Mathematics, University of Groningen, June 24, 2013. https://fse.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/10999/1/opzet.pdf&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rational Point</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.ellipticcurve.info/index.php?title=Hasse%E2%80%99s_theorem&amp;diff=257&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Rational Point: masters thesis</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.ellipticcurve.info/index.php?title=Hasse%E2%80%99s_theorem&amp;diff=257&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2025-01-09T09:18:55Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;masters thesis&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 09:18, 9 January 2025&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Helmut Hasse’s theorem&#039;&#039;&#039; is in German &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Helmut Hasse. „Zur Theorie der abstrakten elliptischen Funktionenkörper I, II, III.“ &#039;&#039;Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik,&#039;&#039; Band 175, 1936.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Helmut Hasse’s theorem&#039;&#039;&#039; is in German &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Helmut Hasse. „Zur Theorie der abstrakten elliptischen Funktionenkörper I, II, III.“ &#039;&#039;Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik,&#039;&#039; Band 175, 1936. https://www.digizeitschriften.de/id/243919689_0175 https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/id/PPN243919689_0175&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;https://www.digizeitschriften.de/id/243919689_0175 &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;/del&gt;https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/id/PPN243919689_0175&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The number of points on an elliptic curve over a [[finite field]] GF(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;q&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) is within the range&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The number of points on an elliptic curve over a [[finite field]] GF(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;q&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) is within the range&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l12&quot;&gt;Line 12:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 11:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;:&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;q+1\pm2g\sqrt q&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;:&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;q+1\pm2g\sqrt q&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;This result was proved by André Weil, and is known as the &#039;&#039;&#039;Hasse–Weil theorem&#039;&#039;&#039;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;This result was proved by André Weil, and is known as the &#039;&#039;&#039;Hasse–Weil theorem&#039;&#039;&#039; &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Mirjam Soeten. “Hasse&#039;s Theorem on Elliptic Curves with an extension to hyperelliptic curves of genus 2.” Master Thesis Mathematics, University of Groningen, June 24, 2013. https://fse.studenttheses.ub.rug.nl/10999/1/opzet.pdf&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rational Point</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.ellipticcurve.info/index.php?title=Hasse%E2%80%99s_theorem&amp;diff=256&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Rational Point: refs</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.ellipticcurve.info/index.php?title=Hasse%E2%80%99s_theorem&amp;diff=256&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2025-01-09T08:01:22Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;refs&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Helmut Hasse’s theorem&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is in German &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Helmut Hasse. „Zur Theorie der abstrakten elliptischen Funktionenkörper I, II, III.“ &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik,&amp;#039;&amp;#039; Band 175, 1936.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;https://www.digizeitschriften.de/id/243919689_0175 &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/id/PPN243919689_0175&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The number of points on an elliptic curve over a [[finite field]] GF(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;q&amp;#039;&amp;#039;) is within the range&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;q+1\pm2\sqrt q&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
that is to say, of all &amp;#039;&amp;#039;q&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; points in GF(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;q&amp;#039;&amp;#039;)⨉GF(&amp;#039;&amp;#039;q&amp;#039;&amp;#039;), the number of them that satisfy any given elliptic curve equation always falls in this range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For “hyperelliptic” curves or other Abelian varieties of genus &amp;#039;&amp;#039;g&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;amp;gt;1, Hasse’s theorem is still applicable when the permissible range is broadened by a factor of &amp;#039;&amp;#039;g&amp;#039;&amp;#039;:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;lt;math&amp;gt;q+1\pm2g\sqrt q&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This result was proved by André Weil, and is known as the &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Hasse–Weil theorem&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Rational Point</name></author>
	</entry>
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